Vue Router 深入学习(一)

之前的笔记：Vue 路由

通过阅读文档，自己写一些 demo 来加深自己的理解。(主要针对 Vue3)

1. 动态路由匹配

1.1 捕获所有路由(404 路由)

const routes = [
  // 将匹配所有内容并将其放在 `$route.params.pathMatch` 下
  { path: "/:pathMatch(.*)*", name: "NotFound", component: NotFound },
  // 将匹配以 `/user-` 开头的所有内容，并将其放在 `$route.params.afterUser` 下
  { path: "/user-:afterUser(.*)", component: UserGeneric },
];

使用：

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from "vue-router";

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/",
    redirect: "/home",
  },
  {
    path: "/home",
    name: "Home",
    component: () => import("../components/Home.vue"),
  },
  {
    path: "/user-:afterUser(.*)",
    // 将匹配以 `/user-` 开头的所有内容，并将其放在 `$route.params.afterUser` 下
    name: "User",
    component: () => import("../components/User.vue"),
  },
  {
    path: "/:pathMatch(.*)*",
    // 将匹配所有内容并将其放在 `$route.params.pathMatch` 下
    name: "NotFound",
    component: () => import("../components/NotFound.vue"),
  },
];

const router = new createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes,
});

export default router;

app.vue

<template>
  {{ route.params }}
  <router-view></router-view>
</template>

<script setup>
  import { useRoute } from "vue-router";

  const route = useRoute();
</script>

image-20220302183444782

2 路由的匹配语法

主要是通过正则表达式的语法来实现

2.1 在参数中自定义正则

语法：

const routes = [
  // /:orderId -> 仅匹配数字
  { path: "/:orderId(\\d+)" },
  // /:productName -> 匹配其他任何内容
  { path: "/:productName" },
];

实践：

路由配置：

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory, useRoute } from "vue-router";

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/",
    redirect: "/home",
  },
  {
    path: "/home",
    name: "Home",
    component: () => import("../components/Home.vue"),
  },
  {
    path: "/user/:userid(\\d+)", // 两个\是因为会被转义
    name: "UserId",
    component: () => import("../components/UserId.vue"),
  },
  {
    path: "/user/:username",
    name: "UserName",
    component: () => import("../components/UserName.vue"),
  },
];

const router = new createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes,
});

export default router;

vue-router

2.2 可重复的参数

可以使用 *(0 个或多个)和 +(1 个或多个)将参数标记为可重复

语法：

const routes = [
  // /:chapters ->  匹配 /one, /one/two, /one/two/three, 等
  { path: "/:chapters+" },
  // /:chapters -> 匹配 /, /one, /one/two, /one/two/three, 等
  { path: "/:chapters*" },
];

实践：

*：

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory, useRoute } from "vue-router";

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/:chapters*",
    name: "Chapters",
    component: () => import("../components/Chapters.vue"),
  },
];

const router = new createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes,
});

export default router;

vue-router

+：

vue-router

2.3 可选参数

使用 ? 修饰符(0 个或 1 个)将一个参数标记为可选

语法：

const routes = [
  // 匹配 /users 和 /users/posva
  { path: "/users/:userId?" },
  // 匹配 /users 和 /users/42
  { path: "/users/:userId(\\d+)?" },
];

实践：

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/user/:userid(\\d+)?",
    name: "User",
    component: () => import("../components/User.vue"),
  },
  {
    path: "/:pathMatch(.*)*",
    name: "NotFound",
    component: () => import("../components/NotFound.vue"),
  },
];

image-20220303103934235

如果没加可选限制，那么访问/user 时也会匹配到 404 去

image-20220303104039713

3. 编程式导航

params 不能与 path 一起使用，而应该使用name(命名路由)

<template>
  <router-view></router-view>
</template>
<script>
  import { useRoute, useRouter } from "vue-router";

  export default {
    setup() {
      const route = useRoute();
      const router = useRouter();

      // // query编程式导航传参
      // router.push({
      //   path: "/user/123",
      //   query: {
      //     id: 666
      //   }
      // })

      // params编程式导航传参
      router.push({
        name: "user", // 需要使用命名路由
        params: {
          userid: 666,
        },
      });
    },
  };
</script>

3.1 替换当前位置

不会向 history添加新纪录，而是替换当前的记录

声明式：

<router-link to="/home" replace>home</router-link>

编程式：

router.replace({
  path: "/home",
});

// 或
// router.push({
//   path: '/home',
//   replace: true
// })

4. 命名视图

需要同时同级展示多个视图，而不是嵌套展示时，命名视图就能够派上用场了

首先路由配置需要使用 components配置

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/",
    name: "home",
    components: {
      default: () => import("./views/First.vue"),
      second: () => import("./views/Second.vue"),
      third: () => import("./views/Third.vue"),
    },
  },
];

使用 router-view时，添加上name属性即可

<router-view></router-view>
<router-view name="second"></router-view>
<router-view name="third"></router-view>

示例：

命名视图

5. 路由组件传参

首先可通过 route来实现路由传参，不过也可以通过 props配置来开启 props传参

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/user/:id",
    component: () => import("../components/User.vue"),
    props: true,
  },
];

export default new createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(),
  routes,
});

通过 props获取参数

<template>
  <h2>User</h2>
  <p>{{ id }}</p>
</template>

<script setup>
  const props = defineProps(["id"]);
</script>

<style></style>

image-20220303194719540

更多

参考链接：Vue Router